Nā huahana

ʻO Trimethoprim kahi lipophilic a nāwaliwali alkaline pyrimethamine class bacteriostatic agent.He pauda kristal keʻokeʻo a aneane keʻokeʻo, ʻaʻala, ʻawaʻawa, a hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka chloroform, ethanol a i ʻole acetone, akā aneane hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka solution glacial acetic acid.Loaʻa iā ia kahi spectrum antibacterial e like me nā lāʻau sulfa, akā me kahi hopena antibacterial ikaika.He hopena maikaʻi kona ma ka mālama ʻana i ka Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, a me nā ʻano bacteria gram-positive a maikaʻi ʻole.Akā ʻaʻole kūpono ia i ka maʻi Pseudomonas aeruginosa.ʻAʻole i hoʻohana wale ʻia kona ʻano haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma mua o 10 mg/L me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka maʻi bacterial, a no laila ʻaʻole i hoʻohana wale ʻia, a hui pū ʻia me ka lāʻau sulfa e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi urinary, ʻōpū. nā maʻi, nā maʻi hanu, ka maʻi ʻaʻai, enteritis, typhoid fever, maningitis, otitis media, maningitis, sepsis a me nā maʻi palupalu.He hopena ia i ka mālama ʻana i ka typhoid a me ka hopena paratyphoid ʻaʻole i emi iho ma mua o ka ampicillin;Hiki ke hui pū ʻia me nā lāʻau sulfa lōʻihi no ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi falciparum malaria.

ʻO ke kumu kumu o ka anti-bacterial o trimethoprim e hoʻopilikia i ka metabolism folate i loko o ka bacteria.ʻO ke ʻano nui o ka hana ʻo ia ke kāohi koho ʻana i ka hana o ka dihydrofolate reductase i loko o ka bacteria i hiki ʻole ke hoʻemi ʻia ka dihydrofolate i ka tetrahydrofolate.No ka mea ʻo ka synthesis o ka waikawa folic ka ʻāpana nui o ka biosynthesis acid nucleic, a no laila ke pale aku nei ka huahana i nā waikawa nucleic bacterial a me ka synthesis protein.Eia kekahi, ʻo ka paʻa ʻana o ka trimethoprim (TMP) i ka bacteria dihydrofolate reductase enzyme he ʻelima mau manawa i ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o ka mammalian dihydrofolate reductase.ʻO ka hui pū ʻana ma waena o ia me nā lāʻau sulfa hiki ke hana i ka pāpālua ʻelua i ka folic acid biosynthesis metabolism o ka bacteria i loaʻa kahi hopena synergistic e hoʻonui ai i ka hana antibacterial o nā lāʻau sulfa, a hiki ke hoʻohuli i ka hopena antibacterial i ka hopena bactericidal e hōʻemi ai i ka lāʻau kū'ē. nā ʻāʻī.Eia hou, hiki i ka huahana ke hoʻonui i nā hopena antibacterial o nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe (e like me tetracycline, gentamicin).